1. I-China idinga ukuthuthukisa umkhakha wayo we-auto chip, kusho isikhulu
Izinkampani zasendaweni zaseChina zinxuswa ukuthi zenze ama-chips ezimoto futhi zinciphise ukuthembela ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe njengoba ukushoda kwama-semiconductor kuhlasele imboni yezimoto emhlabeni wonke.
UMiao Wei, owayengungqongqoshe wezimboni nobuchwepheshe bolwazi, uthe isifundo ngokushoda kwama-chip emhlabeni wonke ukuthi i-China idinga imboni yayo ezimele futhi elawulekayo yama-auto chip.
UMiao, oseyisikhulu esiphezulu eNgqungqutheleni Kazwelonke Yokubonisana Kwabantu, usho lokhu embukisweni wezimoto waseChina obuse-Shanghai kusukela ngoJuni 17 kuya ku-19.
Imizamo kumele yenziwe ocwaningweni oluyisisekelo kanye nasezifundweni ezizoba khona ukuze kudwetshwe umhlahlandlela wentuthuko yomkhakha, esho.
"Sisenkathini lapho isofthiwe ichaza izimoto, futhi izimoto zidinga ama-CPU nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngakho kufanele sihlele kusengaphambili, "kusho uMiao.
Ukushoda kwama-chip kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto emhlabeni jikelele. Ngenyanga edlule, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto eChina kwehle ngamaphesenti amathathu, ikakhulukazi ngoba abenzi bezimoto behlulekile ukuthola ama-chips anele.
Ukuqala kwezimoto zikagesi uNio wethule izimoto ezingu-6,711 ngoMeyi, okukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-95.3 kusukela ngenyanga efanayo ngonyaka odlule.
Umenzi wezimoto uthe ukulethwa kwayo ngabe kuphezulu ukube bekungengenxa yokushoda kwe-chip kanye nokulungiswa kwezinto.
Abakhiqizi be-chips nabahlinzeki bezimoto sebevele basebenza ubusuku nemini ukuze baxazulule inkinga, kuyilapho iziphathimandla zithuthukisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinkampani ezisochungechungeni lwezimboni ukuze zisebenze kangcono.
U-Dong Xiaoping, oyisikhulu eMnyangweni Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi, uthe uMnyango ucele abakhiqizi bezimoto bendawo kanye nezinkampani zama-semiconductor ukuthi zenze incwajana ezohambisana kangcono nezidingo zabo kanye nesidingo sama-chip chips.
Umnyango ukhuthaza nezinkampani zomshwalense ukuthi zikhiphe izinsiza zomshwalense ezingakhuphula ukuzethemba kwabakhiqizi bezimoto basendaweni ekusebenziseni ama-chips akhiqizwe ngokwemvelo, ukuze kusize ekudambiseni ukushoda kwama-chip.
2. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-US supply chain kuhlasela abathengi
Ekuqaleni naphakathi nobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 e-US, kwaba ukushoda kwephepha lasendlini yangasese okwafaka abantu ovalweni.
Ngokukhishwa kwemithi yokugomela i-COVID-19, abantu manje bathola ukuthi ezinye zeziphuzo abazithandayo kwa-Starbucks azitholakali okwamanje.
AbakwaStarbucks babeke izinto ezingama-25 "ekubambeni kwesikhashana" ekuqaleni kukaJuni ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwamaketanga, ngokusho kweBusiness Insider. Uhlu lwaluhlanganisa izinto ezidumile ezifana nesiraphu ye-hazelnut, isiraphu yamantongomane ethofi, izikhwama zetiye ze-chai, itiye eliqhwa eliluhlaza, isinamoni i-dolce latte kanye nemocha emhlophe kashokoledi.
"Lokhu kushoda kwejusi yepentshisi nogwava e-Starbucks kuyangicasula kanye namantombazane asekhaya," kusho uMani Lee kuTwitter.
"Ingabe yimi ngedwa onenkinga mayelana ne-@Starbucks yokushoda kwangempela kwe-caramel njengamanje," kusho uMadison Chaney kuTwitter.
Ukuphazamiseka kokuhlinzekwa kwempahla e-US ngenxa yokuvalwa kwemisebenzi ngesikhathi sodlame, ukubambezeleka kokuthunyelwa kwempahla, ukushoda kwabasebenzi, isidingo sokulinda kanye nokusimama komnotho ngokushesha kunalokho obekulindelwe kuthinta ngaphezu kweziphuzo ezithandwayo zabanye abantu.
UMnyango Wezabasebenzi wase-US ubike ngesonto eledlule ukuthi izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali lwaminyaka yonke ngoMeyi 2021 lingamaphesenti ama-5, eliphakeme kakhulu selokhu kwaba nenkinga yezimali yango-2008.
Amanani ezindlu akhuphuke cishe ngamaphesenti angama-20 ngokwesilinganiso ezweni lonke ngenxa yokushoda kwezingodo, okwenze amanani entengo akhuphuke izikhathi ezine kuya kwezinhlanu zamazinga angaphambi kobhubhane.
Kulabo abahlinzeka ngempahla noma ababuyekeza amakhaya abo, ukubambezeleka kokulethwa kwefenisha kunganwebeka izinyanga nezinyanga.
"Nga-oda itafula lokuphela esitolo sefenisha esaziwayo, esisezingeni eliphezulu ngoFebhuwari. Ngatshelwa ukuthi ngilindele ukulethwa emasontweni angu-14. Ngisanda kuhlola isimo sami se-oda. Isevisi yamakhasimende yaxolisa futhi yangitshela ukuthi manje kuzoba uSepthemba. Izinto ezinhle ziyeza. kulabo abalindile?" U-Eric West uphawule ngendaba ye-Wall Street Journal.
"Iqiniso langempela libanzi. Ngayalela izihlalo, osofa, nama-ottoman, ezinye zazo ezithatha izinyanga eziyisi-6 ukuthi zilethwe ngoba zenziwe eChina, zithengwe enkampanini enkulu yaseMelika eyaziwa ngeNFM. Ngakho-ke lokhu kwehla kubanzi futhi kujulile. ," kubhala umfundi weJournal u-Tim Mason.
Abathengi bezinto zikagesi babhekene nenkinga efanayo.
"Ngitshelwa ukuthi isiqandisi esingu-$1,000 engisi-odile sizotholakala ezinyangeni ezintathu. Hhayi-ke, umonakalo wangempela walolu bhubhane usazogcwaliseka ngokugcwele," kubhala umfundi uBill Poulos.
I-MarketWatch ibike ukuthi i-Costco Wholesale Corp ibhale uhlu olubanzi lwezinkinga ze-supply chain ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokubambezeleka kokuthunyelwa.
"Ngokombono we-supply chain, ukubambezeleka kwechweba kusaqhubeka nokuba nomthelela," kucashunwa uRichard Galanti, oyi-CFO ye-Costco. "Umuzwa wukuthi lokhu kuzoqhubeka ingxenye enkulu yalo nyaka wekhalenda."
Abaphathi beBiden bamemezele ngesonto eledlule ukuthi babumba ithimba elizobhekana nezingqinamba zokuhlinzekwa kwezidingo emikhakheni ye-semiconductor, ezokwakha, ezokuthutha kanye nezolimo.
Umbiko we-White House onamakhasi angama-250 onesihloko esithi "Ukwakha Amaketanga Okunikezela Okuqinile, Ukuvuselela Ukukhiqiza KwaseMelika, kanye Nokukhuthaza Ukukhula Okubanzi Okusekelwe" uhlose ukukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwasekhaya, ukunciphisa ukushoda kwezimpahla ezibalulekile kanye nokunciphisa ukuncika kubaqhudelani bezwe.
Umbiko ugcizelele ukubaluleka kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla ekuvikelekeni kwezwe, ukuzinza komnotho kanye nobuholi bomhlaba. Iveze ukuthi ubhubhane lwe-coronavirus lwadalula ubungozi be-supply chain yaseMelika.
"Impumelelo yomkhankaso wethu wokugoma imangaze abantu abaningi, ngakho-ke bebengakulungele ukufunwa kabusha," Sameera Fazili, isekela lomqondisi we-White House National Economic Council, ekhuluma nesithangami sezindaba eWhite House ngesonto eledlule. Ulindele ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali kube ngokwesikhashana futhi kuxazululwe "ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo".
UMnyango Wezempilo Nezinsizakalo Zabantu nawo uzobophezela izigidi ezingama-60 zamaRandi ukwakha ubudlelwano phakathi komphakathi nezizimele ukuze kukhiqizwe imithi ebalulekile yemithi.
UMnyango Wezabasebenzi uzosebenzisa u-$100 million uxhaso lwezinhlelo eziholwa nguhulumeni zokufundela umsebenzi. UMnyango wezoLimo uzosebenzisa imali engaphezu kwezigidigidi ezi-4 zamaRandi ukuqinisa uxhaso lokuhlinzekwa kokudla.
3. Ukushoda kwe-chip kunciphisa ukuthengiswa kwezimoto
Ingase yehle ngo-3% unyaka nonyaka ifinyelele ezimotweni eziyizigidi ezi-2.13, ukwehla kokuqala kusukela ngo-Ephreli 2020.
Ukuthengiswa kwezimoto eChina kwehle okokuqala ezinyangeni eziyi-14 ngoMeyi njengoba abakhiqizi beletha izimoto ezimbalwa emakethe ngenxa yokushoda kwe-semiconductor yomhlaba wonke, ngokusho kwedatha yemboni.
Ngenyanga edlule kudayiswe izimoto ezingu-2.13 million emakethe yezimoto ezinkulu emhlabeni, zehle ngo-3.1% ngonyaka, kusho iChina Association of Automobile Manufacturers. Bekungokokuqala ngqa eChina ukwehla kusukela ngo-Ephreli 2020, lapho imakethe yezimoto yezwe iqala ukuvela ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19.
I-CAAM iphinde yathi inethemba elikhulu ngokusebenza komkhakha kulezi zinyanga ezisele.
UShi Jianhua, iphini likanobhala-jikelele wale nhlangano, uthe ukushoda kwama-chip emhlabeni kulimaza imboni kusukela ngasekupheleni konyaka owedlule. “Umthelela ekukhiqizeni uyaqhubeka, nezibalo zokudayisa ngoJuni zizothinteka,” usho kanje.
Ukuqala kwezimoto zikagesi uNio wethule izimoto ezingu-6,711 ngoMeyi, okukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-95.3 kusukela ngenyanga efanayo ngonyaka odlule. Umenzi wezimoto uthe ukulethwa kwayo ngabe kuphezulu ukube bekungengenxa yokushoda kwe-chip kanye nokulungiswa kwezinto.
I-SAIC Volkswagen, engenye yezikhondlakhondla zabakhiqizi bezimoto kuleli, isivele isinciphise umkhiqizo kwezinye zezitshalo zayo, ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlobo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezidinga ama-chips engeziwe, ngokusho kweShanghai Securities Daily.
I-China Auto Dealers Association, enye inhlangano yezimboni, ithe amanani ezimpahla ancipha kancane kancane kubathengisi bezimoto abaningi kanti amanye amamodeli ayashoda.
UJiemian, ingosi yezindaba eseShanghai, uthe ukukhiqizwa kweSAIC GM ngoMeyi kwehle ngamaphesenti angama-37.43 kuya ku-81,196 ngenxa yokushoda kwama-chip.
Kodwa-ke, uShi uthe ukushoda kuzoqala ukuncipha ngekota yesithathu kanti isimo sizoba ngcono kwikota yesine.
Abakhiqizi be-chips nabahlinzeki bezimoto sebevele basebenza ubusuku nemini ukuze baxazulule inkinga, kuyilapho iziphathimandla zithuthukisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinkampani ezisochungechungeni lwezimboni ukuze zisebenze kangcono.
Umnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi, umlawuli wezimboni eziphezulu kuzwelonke, ucele abakhiqizi bezimoto bendawo kanye nezinkampani zama-semiconductor ukuthi zenze incwajana ehambisana kangcono nokuhlinzekwa kwazo kanye nesidingo samashiphu ezimoto.
Umnyango ukhuthaza nezinkampani zomshwalense ukuthi zikhiphe izinsiza zomshwalense ezingakhuphula ukuzethemba kwabakhiqizi bezimoto basendaweni ekusebenziseni ama-chips akhiqizwe ngokwemvelo, ukuze kusize ekudambiseni ukushoda kwama-chip. NgoLwesihlanu, izinkampani ezine zama-chips zaseShayina zenze izivumelwano nezinkampani ezintathu zomshwalense zasendaweni ukuze zihlole lezi zinsizakalo zomshwalense.
Ngasekuqaleni kwale nyanga umphakeli wezingxenye zezimoto waseJalimane u-Bosch uvule imboni yama-chip ebiza u-$1.2 billion eDresden, eJalimane, ethi ama-chips ayo ezimoto kulindeleke ukuthi aqale ukusebenza ngoSepthemba walo nyaka.
Yize intengo yehla ngoMeyi, i-CAAM ithe inethemba ngokusebenza kwemakethe unyaka wonke ngenxa yokusimama komnotho waseChina nokukhuphuka kokuthengwa kwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla.
UShi uthe le nhlangano icabanga ukukhuphula isibalo sokukhula kwentengo yalo nyaka sifinyelele ku-6.5% sisuka ku-4%, esenziwe ekuqaleni konyaka.
“Sekukonke ukudayiswa kwezimoto kulo nyaka kungenzeka kufinyelele ezigidini ezingu-27, kanti ukudayiswa kwezimoto ezikhiqiza amandla amasha kungase kufinyelele ku-2 million, uma kuqhathaniswa nesibalo sangaphambili ebesiku-1.8 million,” kusho uShi.
Izibalo zale nhlangano zikhomba ukuthi zingu-10.88 million izimoto ezidayiswe eChina ezinyangeni ezinhlanu zokuqala, nokunyuke ngo-36% unyaka nonyaka.
Ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi nama-plug-in hybrids kufinyelele kumayunithi angama-217,000 ngoMeyi, okukhuphuke ngamaphesenti ayi-160 ngonyaka, okwenza isamba esisuka ngoJanuwari kuya kuMeyi safinyelela ku-950,000, ngaphezu kwesibalo esiphindwe kathathu ngonyaka odlule.
I-China Passenger Car Association ibinethemba elikhulu ngokusebenza konyaka wonke futhi yanyusa izinga layo lokuthengisa izimoto ezintsha zafinyelela ku-2.4 million wamayunithi kulo nyaka.
UCui Dongshu, ongunobhala-jikelele we-CPCA, uthe ukuzethemba kwakhe kuqhamuke ekukhuleni kwezimoto ezifuze lezi kuleli nokwanda kokuthengwa kwazo ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle.
U-Nio uthe izosheshisa imizamo ngoJuni yokubuyisela ukulahlekelwa okudalwe ngenyanga edlule. Ukuqaliswa kuthe kuzogcina umgomo wokulethwa kwamayunithi angama-21,000 kuya kumayunithi angama-22,000 engxenyeni yesibili yalo nyaka. Izinhlobo zayo zizotholakala eNorway ngoSepthemba. UTesla uthengise izimoto ezingama-33,463 ezenziwe eChina ngoMeyi, kwathi ingxenye yesithathu yazo yathunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. UCui ulinganise ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwe-Tesla okuvela eChina kuzofinyelela amayunithi ayi-100,000 kulo nyaka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-23-2021